低剂量工业射线探伤工人职业暴露的遗传损伤效应

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2015.02.005

癌变·畸变·突变 ›› 2015, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 101-105.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2015.02.005

低剂量工业射线探伤工人职业暴露的遗传损伤效应

董小梅¹, 王治¹, 张国伟¹, 董建云¹, 周妮娅¹, 凌曦¹, 刘晋祎¹, 曹佳¹, 张丽龙², 敖琳¹

1. 第三军医大学军事预防医学院毒理学研究所, 重庆 400038;
2. 重庆市疾病预防控制中心, 重庆 400042

收稿日期:2015-01-30 修回日期:2015-03-06 出版日期:2015-03-31 发布日期:2015-03-31
通讯作者: 敖琳,E-mail:aolin117@163.com E-mail:aolin117@163.com
作者简介:董小梅,E-mail:momomei198@sina.com。

Genotoxic effects of low dose ionizing radiation occupationally exposed in industrial flaw detection workers

DONG Xiaomei¹, WANG Zhi¹, ZHANG Guowei¹, DONG Jianyun¹, ZHOU Niya¹, LING Xi¹, LIU Jinyi¹, CAO Jia¹, ZHANG Lilong², AO Lin¹

1. Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038;
2. Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China

Received:2015-01-30 Revised:2015-03-06 Online:2015-03-31 Published:2015-03-31
About author:10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2015.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的:探讨低剂量电离辐射对工业射线探伤工人的遗传损伤效应。方法:选取重庆市某国有企业探伤工人31人为探伤组,招募年龄、性别构成和吸烟率无显著差异的健康服务行业人员49人作为对照组。采用热释光剂量计(TLD)对探伤人员进行个体剂量监测。微量全血培养的胞质分裂阻滞微核试验检测染色体损伤。采用Real-Time PCR分析线粒体DNA(mtDNA)拷贝数和超螺旋构象,长链PCR分析mtDNA的完整性,qRT-PCR分析线粒体转录因子A(TFAM)和过氧化酶体增殖受体γ轴共活化因子1α(PGC-1α)的mRNA水平。结果:探伤工人的辐射年有效剂量为(0.15±0.03) mSv/a,范围为(0.12~0.21) mSv/a。探伤组的微核率和核芽率均显著增加(P<0.01)。探伤组mtDNA拷贝数(40.04±24.99)与对照组(24.86±19.14)比较显著增加(P<0.05),探伤工人的mtDNA超螺旋构象有显著改变(P<0.05),探伤组mtDNA完整性(95.10±9.54)与对照组(313.51±14.58)相比明显降低(P<0.01),探伤组的TFAM和PGC-1α的mRNA水平均显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:探伤工人的辐射年有效剂量均值符合国家规定的放射职业接触标准。电离辐射职业暴露可引起探伤工人明显的染色体损伤和mtDNA损伤,需采取更安全有效的防护措施。

关键词: 低剂量电离辐射, 工业X射线探伤, 遗传损伤, 线粒体DNA

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To assess the genetic damage of low dose ionizing radiation(LDIR) occupationally exposed in flaw detection workers. METHODS:We used the Thermo-luminescent Dosimeter(TLD) to measure the individual exposure dose. Thirty-one flaw detection workers and forty-nine people without such exposure were enrolled. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay was performed to detect the chromosome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Real-time PCR was used to analyze the mtDNA copy number and supercoiling formation change. Long-PCR was applied to analyze mtDNA integrity. qRT-PCR was applied to analyze mRNA levels of TFAM and PGC-1α. RESULTS:The mean annual effect dose in flaw detection workers was (0.15±0.03) mSv/a, range in (0.12-0.21) mSv/a. The MN and NBUDs rate in flaw detection worker group were obviously elevated compared with controls (P<0.01). In our study, the mtDNA copy number of flaw detection workers(40.04±24.99) was higher than controls (24.86±19.14) (P<0.01), and the supercoiling formation was also evidently changed (P<0.05). The mtDNA integrity of flaw detection workers (95.10±9.54) was decreased compared to controls (313.51±14.58)(P<0.01). The mRNA levels of TFAM and PGC-1α was found to be higher than controls (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:We found all of the annual effect dose of flaw detection workers are conforming the state radiological protection standards. However, the induction of chromosome damage and mtDNA damage caused by LDIR were evident, the health of flaw detection workers are at risk.

Key words: low dose ionizing radiation, industrial X-ray detection, genetic damage, mitochondrial DNA

中图分类号:

R114
R394.1

董小梅, 王治, 张国伟, 董建云, 周妮娅, 凌曦, 刘晋祎, 曹佳, 张丽龙, 敖琳. 低剂量工业射线探伤工人职业暴露的遗传损伤效应[J]. 癌变·畸变·突变, 2015, 27(2): 101-105.

DONG Xiaomei, WANG Zhi, ZHANG Guowei, DONG Jianyun, ZHOU Niya, LING Xi, LIU Jinyi, CAO Jia, ZHANG Lilong, AO Lin. Genotoxic effects of low dose ionizing radiation occupationally exposed in industrial flaw detection workers[J]. Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis, 2015, 27(2): 101-105.

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低剂量工业射线探伤工人职业暴露的遗传损伤效应

Genotoxic effects of low dose ionizing radiation occupationally exposed in industrial flaw detection workers

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