T细胞免疫衰老在结直肠癌中的作用机制与治疗挑战

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2025.04.011

癌变·畸变·突变 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 300-303.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2025.04.011

• 专题研究 • 上一篇

T细胞免疫衰老在结直肠癌中的作用机制与治疗挑战

樊佳良¹, 肖汀¹, 张海增², 冯林¹

1. 国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院, 分子肿瘤学全国重点实验室, 病因及癌变研究室, 北京 100021;
2. 国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院, 结直肠外科, 北京 100021

收稿日期:2025-04-02 修回日期:2025-05-14 发布日期:2025-08-05
通讯作者: 冯林
作者简介:樊佳良，E-mail：jlfan@student.pumc.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0710603)；中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程(2021-I2M-1-021，2021-12M-1-050)

Mechanisms and therapeutic challenges of T cell immunosenescence in colorectal cancer

FAN Jialiang¹, XIAO Ting¹, ZHANG Haizeng², et al.¹

Received:2025-04-02 Revised:2025-05-14 Published:2025-08-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 结直肠癌(CRC)是全球范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，且在老年人群中的发病率和死亡率尤为突出。T细胞免疫衰老在CRC的发生与进展中起着关键作用，其核心特征包括T细胞比例失衡、表型转换以及效应T细胞可塑性丧失。这些变化直接导致机体免疫监视能力下降、先天性免疫和适应性免疫能力受损。T细胞的免疫衰老促进肿瘤免疫逃逸，并加剧了肿瘤微环境的恶化，为CRC的进展提供了有利条件。本文旨在系统总结T细胞免疫衰老的分子机制与表型特征，并深入探讨衰老如何削弱T细胞的增殖、分化及细胞因子分泌能力，最终加剧CRC微环境的免疫抑制，推动疾病进展。此外，本文还将讨论T细胞免疫衰老对当前免疫治疗策略构成的挑战，特别是老年患者免疫治疗疗效受限的困境，并展望未来的研究方向，以期改善老年CRC患者的治疗效果，提高生存率，为开发更精准的免疫治疗方案提供新思路。

关键词: 老年患者, 免疫衰老, 免疫治疗, 结直肠癌

中图分类号:

R730.3

樊佳良, 肖汀, 张海增, 冯林. T细胞免疫衰老在结直肠癌中的作用机制与治疗挑战[J]. 癌变·畸变·突变, 2025, 37(4): 300-303.

FAN Jialiang, XIAO Ting, ZHANG Haizeng, et al.. Mechanisms and therapeutic challenges of T cell immunosenescence in colorectal cancer[J]. Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis, 2025, 37(4): 300-303.

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T细胞免疫衰老在结直肠癌中的作用机制与治疗挑战

Mechanisms and therapeutic challenges of T cell immunosenescence in colorectal cancer

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