聚苯乙烯微塑料亚急性暴露对小鼠脂肪组织的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2025.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：探讨不同粒径聚苯乙烯微塑料(PS-MPs)亚急性暴露对小鼠脂肪组织结构与功能的影响。方法：健康6周龄SPF级C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组(生理盐水)、80?nm PS-MPs组和5?μm PS-MPs组，每组16只，雌雄各半，PS-MPs组按100 ?mg/kg持续灌胃7 d。收集小鼠外周血、腹股沟脂肪、性腺周围脂肪和肩颈棕色脂肪，检测血脂水平和脂肪质量，利用HE染色观察脂肪组织结构，检测脂肪细胞因子及脂代谢相关基因表达水平。结果：与对照组比较，80 nm PS-MPs组雌鼠外周血白细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞数均增加(P <0.05或P <0.01)，雄鼠仅白细胞数增加(P <0.05)。血脂方面，80 nm PS-MPs组雌鼠甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白均升高(均为P <0.05)，雄鼠仅甘油三酯水平升高(P <0.05)。80 nm PS-MPs组雌鼠皮下脂肪减少，内脏脂肪增加，白色脂肪细胞面积增大(均为P <0.05)；雄鼠内脏脂肪增加76.0%(P <0.05)。血清瘦素、脂联素及胰岛素水平在80 nm PS-MPs组雌鼠均升高(均为P <0.05)，雄鼠仅瘦素升高(P <0.05)。相应的，雌鼠白色脂肪中脂质合成基因表达增强而氧化利用及分解基因表达受抑，雌性和80 nm PS-MPs组效应更强。结论：PS-MPs亚急性暴露可导致小鼠脂质代谢紊乱和白色脂肪重分布，其可能机制涉及促进脂质合成和抑制脂质分解利用，且效应具有性别特异性并与粒径相关。研究结果为微塑料暴露与代谢性疾病的关联提供了数据支持。

关键词: 微塑料, 脂肪组织, 代谢紊乱, 脂肪重分布, 亚急性毒性

Abstract: OBJECTIVE： To investigate subacute effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the structure and function of adipose tissue in mice. METHODS：Healthy 6-week-old SPF-grade C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group (normal saline)，an 80 nm PS-MPs group，and a 5 μm PS-MPs group，with 16 mice in each group，half male and half female. The PS-MPs group was orally exposed to 100 mg/kg of PS-MPs continuously for 7 days. Peripheral blood，inguinal fat，perigordal fat，and brown fat of the neck and shoulder were collected，and lipid levels and fat weight were measured. Adipose tissue structure was observed after HE staining，and expression levels of adipocytokines and genes related to lipid metabolism were measured. RESULTS：Compared with the control group，the 80 nm PS-MPs group showed an increase in the number of peripheral blood leukocytes， neutrophils， and lymphocytes in female mice (P <0.05 or P <0.01)，while only the number of leukocytes increased in male mice (P <0.05). Regarding blood lipids， the 80 nm PS-MPs group showed an increase in triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in female mice (both p < 0.05)，while only the triglyceride level increased in male mice (P <0.05). The 80 nm PS-MPs group showed a decrease in subcutaneous fat，an increase in visceral fat，and an increase in white adipocyte area in female mice (all P <0.05). Visceral fat increased by 76.0% in male mice (P <0.05). Serum leptin， adiponectin， and insulin levels increased in female mice (all P <0.05)， while only leptin increased in male mice (P <0.05). Correspondingly，expression of lipid synthesis genes in white fat of female mice was enhanced while expression of oxidative utilization and decomposition genes was inhibited，and the effect was stronger in the female and 80 nm PS-MPs groups. CONCLUSION：Subacute exposure to PS-MPs led to disordered lipid metabolism and white adipose tissue redistribution in mice. The underlying mechanisms involved promotion of lipid synthesis and inhibition of lipid breakdown and utilization， with effects demonstrating sex-specific and size-dependent characteristics. These findings provide evidence supporting the association between MPs exposure and metabolic disorders.

Key words: microplastics, adipose tissue, metabolic disorder, fat redistribution, subacute toxicity

中图分类号:

R124.3

屠楠楠, 张雨薇, 蔡雨璐, 温丽贤, 马潇扬, 陈丽萍. 聚苯乙烯微塑料亚急性暴露对小鼠脂肪组织的影响[J]. 癌变·畸变·突变, 2025, 37(5): 353-360.

TU Nannan, ZHANG Yuwei, CAI Yulu, WEN Lixian, MA Xiaoyang, CHEN Liping. Subacute effects of polystyrene microplastics on adipose tissue in mice[J]. Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis, 2025, 37(5): 353-360.

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