水培生菜中锶的迁移富集及其生理影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2024.04.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：研究锶(Sr)在生菜中的迁移富集情况，以及Sr对生菜吸收其他主要营养元素、生菜鲜质量和叶绿素的影响，定量分析Sr在生菜组织中的分布。方法：采用水培方式培养生菜，设置1个对照组(不添加Sr)和5个Sr处理组(0.1、0.5、1、5和10 mmol/L)。使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)检测生菜茎叶和根组织中Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Na、P、S和Sr元素的含量，采用叶绿素测定仪检测生菜的叶绿素相对含量，扫描电子显微镜-X射线能谱仪(SEM-EDX)分析生菜叶片和根部组织细胞中Sr的分布。结果：生菜茎叶中的Ca、S、Sr和根中Sr的质量分数在不同浓度Sr处理组间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在5和10 mmol/L Sr处理下，S的迁移系数(TF)低于对照组(P<0.05)；随Sr处理浓度的增加，Sr的TF值降低。5和10 mmol/L Sr处理下，水培液中S的浓度与对照组相比显著降低，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组相比，5和10 mmol/L Sr处理下生菜的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)显著升高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。生菜组织中Sr的质量百分比分布大致为：叶表保卫细胞>表皮，叶横切面叶肉≈表皮，根横切面表皮>中柱鞘>韧皮部。结论：Sr在生菜根部的质量分数大于茎叶部分；Sr处理浓度的增加，使得从生菜根部向叶片迁移的Sr占比降低，并且生菜根部S的质量百分比增加，叶片的SPAD值增加；生菜根部吸收的Sr主要固定在根部的表皮。

关键词: 生菜, 锶, 迁移, 营养元素, 扫描电子显微镜-X射线能谱仪

Abstract: OBJECTIVE：The aim of this study was to investigate the migration and accumulation of strontium (Sr) in lettuce，as well as Sr's role on physiological effects in lettuce. METHODS：Lettuces were cultured using hydroponic method，with one control group (without Sr added) and five Sr treatment groups (0.1，0.5，1，5，and 10 mmol/L). The contents of calcium，iron，potassium，magnesium，sodium，phosphorus，sulfur and strontium in lettuce stem leaf and root tissues were detected by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)，and the distributions of Sr in lettuce stem leaf and root tissues cells were analyzed by scanning electron microscope coupled X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDX). RESULTS：The mass fractions of Ca，S，Sr in lettuce stems and leaves，and Sr in roots showed statistically significant differences under different Sr treatment groups (P<0.05). The transportation factors (TF) of S treated with 5 and 10 mmol/L Sr was lower than that of control group (P<0.05)，and the TF values of Sr decreased with the increase of Sr concentration in culture solution. As the concentration of Sr in the hydroponic solution increased，the TF value of Sr showed a decreasing trend. The concentrations of S in the culture solution under 5 and 10 mmol/L Sr were significantly decreased compared with the control group，and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the control group，the chlorophyll content (SPAD) values of lettuce treated with 5 and 10 mmol/L Sr were significantly increased (P<0.05). The weight percentage of Sr in lettuce tissue was as follows：leaf surface guard cell > epidermis，leaf cross section mesophyll ≈ epidermis，root cross section epidermis > pericycle > phloem. CONCLUSION：The mass fraction of Sr in lettuce root was higher than that in stem and leaf. With the increase of Sr treatment concentration，the proportions of Sr migrating from roots to leaves decreased，and the mass percentages of S in roots increased，and the SPAD values of leaves increased. The content of Sr absorbed by lettuce roots were mainly fixed on the epidermis of lettuce roots.

Key words: lettuce, strontium, migration, nutrient elements, SEM-EDX

中图分类号:

闫冬, 李斌, 梁宸卿, 何映雪, 范莉, 姜晓燕. 水培生菜中锶的迁移富集及其生理影响[J]. 癌变·畸变·突变, 2024, 36(4): 309-314,319.

YAN Dong, LI Bin, LIANG Chenqing, HE Yingxue, FAN Li, JIANG Xiaoyan. Migration, accumulation and the physiological effects of strontium in hydroponic lettuce[J]. Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis, 2024, 36(4): 309-314,319.

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