关键词: 辣木果, 遗传毒性, 致畸性, 小鼠, 大鼠

Abstract: OBJECTIVE：To evaluate genotoxicity and teratogenicity of Moringa oleifera seeds in rats. METHODS：According to the toxicity test combination recommended by national food safety standards，bacterial reverse-mutation test，mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test，mouse spermatocyte chromosome aberration test and rat teratogenicity test were carried out. The bacterial reverse-mutation test was set up into 5 dose groups，the highest dose was 5.0 mg/dish，and four doses were used. After inoculation and culture at 37 ℃ for 48 h，the number of reverted colonies in each dish was counted. For the verification test，the group distance was changed to 5 times，and the rest unchanged. Kunming mice were selected for micronucleus test of mammalian erythrocyte and chromosome aberration test of mouse spermatocyte. Three dose groups were set up，with the maximum intragastric volume as the highest dose，and two doses were set up below 0.5 times group distance. The incidence of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow smear and the type and corresponding number of chromosome aberrations in testicular smear were observed. In the teratogenicity test of rats，unmated sexually mature SD rats were selected，and three doses were set up，the high dose of the 90-day test was used as the high dose of the experiment，and two doses were set at the lower interval of the double group. The growth of pregnant rats was observed. After the pregnant rats were killed on the 20th day of gestation，their uteri were weighed，and the number of luteal bodies，absorbent fetuses，stillbirths，live fetuses and implantation numbers were recorded. The weight，length and appearance of the live fetus were examined. The bones of half of the fetal mice in each litter were examined. Half the fetal mice were examined for internal organs. RESULTS：Moringa oleifera seeds showed negative reaction in bacterial retro mutation test，micronucleus test of mammalian erythrocyte and chromosome aberration test of mouse spermatocyte. In rat teratogenicity test，there was no obvious toxic effect on pregnant mice and fetal mice，and no teratogenicity was shown. CONCLUSION：There was no genotoxicity and the NOAEL of Moringa oleifera seeds was 8 g/kg under the experimental conditions.

Key words: Moringa oleifera seeds, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, mice, rat