Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis

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Teratogenic effects of retinoid X receptor antagonist HX531 on Xenopus tropicalis embryos

ZHU Pan1,SUN Zhi1,YANG Bo1,XUE Yin-gang2,SHI Hua-hong3,*   

  1. 1. Department of Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062; 2. Changzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Changzhou 213001, Jiangsu; 3. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2012-04-09 Revised:2012-10-09 Online:2011-11-30 Published:2011-11-30
  • Contact: SHI Hua-hong, E-mail:hhshi@des.ecnu.edu.cn
  • About author:朱 攀(1987- ),女,硕士,研究方向:生态毒理学。E-mail: zhupan2006cxzx@126.com
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金项目(20877023) ;江苏省环境监测科研基金(1106)

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:  To investigate the teratogenic effects of HX531 on Xenopus tropicalis embryos. METHODS:Xenopus tropicalis embryos were exposed to 1-500 μg/L HX531 for 48 h. The percentages of survival,body length and malformations were measured. RESULTS:HX531 decreased the survival of embryos by 83% at the concentration of 400 μg/L and by 97% at the concentration of 500 μg/L. The half lethal concentration (LC50) of HX531 at 48 h was 352 μg/L. The body length of embryos decreased by 18.4%-41.1% in 200-500 μg/L HX531-treated groups. After 48 h of exposure,the total percentages of malformations significantly increased and reached 100% in 200-500 μg/L HX531-treated groups. HX531 also led to multiple abnormal phenotypes,including abnormal brains and eyes,narrow fins,pericardial edema and bent tails. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) at 48 h was 79 μg/L and the teratogenic index was 4.4. CONCLUSION:HX531 was a strong teratogen and that RXR played an important role in the development of vertebrate embryos.