低剂量137Cs照射对甘蓝型油菜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2023.06.003

癌变·畸变·突变 ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 420-425.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-616x.2023.06.003

低剂量¹³⁷Cs照射对甘蓝型油菜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响

李斌, 闫冬, 范莉, 姜晓燕

中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所, 北京 100088

收稿日期:2023-09-26 修回日期:2023-10-17 出版日期:2023-11-30 发布日期:2023-12-09
通讯作者: 姜晓燕
作者简介:李斌，E-mail：l17861526861@163.com。

Effects of low-dose ¹³⁷Cs irradiation on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in Brassica napus L.

LI Bin, YAN Dong, FAN Li, JIANG Xiaoyan

National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China

Received:2023-09-26 Revised:2023-10-17 Online:2023-11-30 Published:2023-12-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：探讨低剂量(≤30 Gy)电离辐射对甘蓝型油菜(简称油菜)幼苗期抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响。方法：采用土培方式获得油菜幼苗，每个剂量组包括5棵油菜。以¹³⁷Cs为放射源，采用间隔照射代替慢性照射，每周照射5 d，每天照射7 h，照射剂量率为8.28 mGy/min，总照射剂量分别为0(对照组)、5、10、15、20、25和30 Gy组。检测受照后幼苗超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性，叶片叶绿素a、b、a+b、类胡萝卜素含量，采用实时荧光定量PCR检测光合作用相关基因(psb A、psb D、psb C和LOD106434505)的表达。结果：与对照组比较，SOD活性随着照射剂量的增加而增强(P<0.05)；CAT活性在30 Gy照射组最高且增加至对照组的1.50倍(P<0.05)；POD活性在5和15 Gy照射组表现为增加(P<0.05)，25 Gy剂量组最低，仅为对照组的41%(P<0.05)。随着照射剂量的增加，油菜幼苗的叶绿素a、b含量先增加，在10 Gy剂量组最高(P<0.05)，随后降低；叶绿素a+b含量和类胡萝卜素含量变化不显著，在5 Gy剂量组最高(P<0.05)。油菜受到照射后，psb A和psb D mRNA的表达变化不明显(P>0.05)；psb C mRNA的表达水平除15 Gy剂量组外均下调(P<0.05)；LOC106434505 mRNA的表达随着照射剂量增加的显著上调(P<0.05)。结论：低剂量(≤30 Gy)¹³⁷Cs照射能够增强油菜幼苗抗氧化酶活性，并通过影响油菜幼苗叶绿素含量、光电子转运、能量捕获与传递对油菜光合作用产生影响。

关键词: 低剂量辐射, ¹³⁷Cs, 甘蓝型油菜, 叶绿素含量, 抗氧化酶

Abstract: OBJECTIVE：To investigate effects of low dose (≤30 Gy) ionizing radiation on antioxidant enzyme and photosynthesis activities in Brassica napus L. (B. napus) seedlings. METHODS：B. napus seedlings were obtained through soil culture，with each dose group consisted of 5 rapeseed plants. Intermittent ¹³⁷Cs irradiation instead of chronic irradiation was used. The irradiation was conducted 5 days per week for 7 hours per day at doses of 0 (control group)，5，10，15，20，25，and 30 Gy，with an irradiation dose rate of 8.28 mGy/min. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)，catalase (CAT)，peroxidase (POD)，content of chlorophyll a，b，a+b，carotenoid in leaves，and expression of genes related to photosynthesis (psb A，psb D，psb C，and LOD106434505) in the leaves of the seedlings after irradiation were detected and analyzed. RESULTS：Compared with the control group，the activities of SOD and CAT increased with the increase of irradiation dose (P<0.05)，but there is no significant trend in POD activity (P>0.05). As the irradiation dose increased，the chlorophyll a and b contents of the seedlings first increased，reaching the highest in the 10 Gy dose group (P<0.05)，and then decreased. There was no significant trend in changes in chlorophyll a+b content and carotenoid content，with the highest in the 5 Gy dose group (P<0.05). After irradiation，the expression level of gene psb C was downregulated (except for the 15 Gy dose group，P<0.05). The expression of LOC106434505 was significantly upregulated with increasing irradiation (P<0.05)，while the expression changes of psb A and psb D were not significant. CONCLUSION：Low dose (≤30 Gy) ¹³⁷Cs irradiation enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of rapeseed seedlings，and affected photosynthesis by perturbing chlorophyll content，photoelectron transport，and energy capture and transfer.

Key words: low dose radiation, ¹³⁷Cs, Brassica napus L., chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme

中图分类号:

Q142.6

李斌, 闫冬, 范莉, 姜晓燕. 低剂量¹³⁷Cs照射对甘蓝型油菜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响[J]. 癌变·畸变·突变, 2023, 35(6): 420-425.

LI Bin, YAN Dong, FAN Li, JIANG Xiaoyan. Effects of low-dose ¹³⁷Cs irradiation on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in Brassica napus L.[J]. Carcinogenesis, Teratogenesis & Mutagenesis, 2023, 35(6): 420-425.

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低剂量¹³⁷Cs照射对甘蓝型油菜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及光合作用的影响

Effects of low-dose ¹³⁷Cs irradiation on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities in Brassica napus L.

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