BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a novel mouse development related gene, and exploring its role in the teratogenic action of alcohol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: EST assembly was used in gene cloning, expression and homology analysis; RT－PCR, transfection of fused green fluorescent protein, whole mount in situ hybridization, section in situ hybridization and northern blot were used in gene verification, subcellular and tissue localization and expression difference between normal and alcohol treated embryos both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS: Successfully cloned a novel mouse development related gene, Ercc6l. It expresses strongly in normal tissues of mouse embryos, but is significantly down regulated in neonates and hardly expresses in adults. Expression of Ercc6l in alcohol treated mouse embryos was significantly down regulated compared to their paired controls. CONCLUSION: Ercc6l is a novel development related gene of mice, as well as one of the molecular targets of alcohol teratogenic action.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To gain the NGAL protein with definite abundance and purity at last by the novel oncogene NGAL fusion expression in prokarote , purification by Ni2＋- metal chelate affinity chromatography and identification by MALDI－TOF－MS of its expression production. MATERIAL AND METHODS: pDsbA 2.0－NGAL fusion expression vector was transformed to E.coli,induced to express with IPTG and productivity as well as solubility of the expressed production were analyzed via SDS－PAGE. Then expressed production was purified by Ni2＋-metal chelate affinity chromatography and identification by MALDI－TOF－MS. RESULTS: After induced expression of pDsbA2.0－NGAL fusion expression vector with IPTG, SDS－PAGE analysis presented the expressed NGAL fusion protein was high productivity with good solubility. The purity of expressed NGAL protein was more than 95 ％ after purified by Ni2＋- metal chelate affinity chromatography and identification by MALDI－TOF－MS indicated that the molecular weight error was only 0.91 ‰ between the purified NGAL protein and its theoretical one. CONCLUSION: By the novel oncogene NGAL fusion expression in prokarote, purification by Ni2＋- metal chelate affinity chromatography and identification by MALDI－TOF－MS of its expression production, NGAL protein with definite abundance and electrophoresis purity was truely gained at last, which built up a good experimental material for the preparation of its antibody.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To investigate the inhibition of suppressor gene KAI1 in the process of all－trans－retinoic acid on the NCI－H446 small lung cancer cell. MATERIAL AND METHODS:To establish NCI－H446 cell line with stably expressing tumor suppressor gene KAI1,the gene KAI1 was transfected into NCI－H446 cell by the Vector ector(PCMV－NEO－XhoI).We obtained clone cells after selected by G418.After that,the cells were treated with ATRA at the dosage of 10－6 mol/L.The proliferation and differentiation of the cells were examined by the methods of the clone formation and cytometry analysis. The CD82 protein expression was detected by cytometry analysis,The change of MYC was tested by immunohistochemical staining and the expression of LN was tested by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The CD82 protein expression was up－regulated in the cells treated by ATRA.There were more cells arrested in G1/G0 phase.The expressions of MYC and LN were descended. CONCLUSION:The suppressor gene KAI1 cooperate with ATRA in inhibiting proliferation and promoting differentiation of the Small Cell Lung cell.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To investigate the genomic methylation pattern in the differentiation of glioma cell induced by nordihydroguaiaretic acid(NDGA) with methylation－sensitive arbitrarily primed PCR(AP-PCR). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Methylation－sensitive AP-PCR was used to study the genomic methylation changes . RESULTS:The genomic methylation level in SHG－44 cells was increased induced by NDGA. CONCLUSION: Methylation－sensitive arbitrarily primed PCR displayed advantages of detecting genomic methylation pattern.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and its correlation with tumor proliferative activity and tumor metastasis in human esophageal carcinoma (EC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The expression of MMP-2 and PCNA were detected in 75 cases of EC and 30 cases of controls by immunohistochemical stain (SP method) and their relationship with the clinicopathologic factors was analyzed. RESULTS: The positive rates of MMP-2 and PCNA were 82.7 ％ and 92.0 ％ respectively in EC group. The positive rate of MMP-2 was correlated with the expression of PCNA (r=0.52, P< 0.01). The expression of MMP-2 in EC group was correlated with comvessel invasion,depth of invasion, metastasis of the paraesophageal and distant lymph nodes,but not correlates to age, sex and tumor size(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of MMP-2 in EC is closely related with proliferative activity and tumor metastasis. Expression of MMP-2 might play an important role in the development of EC,and MMP-2 could be a biological marker for evaluating the malignant potential of EC.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM:To study clinical significance of immune function variation in the patients with esophageal carcinoma and precancerous lesions.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The complement activities and erythrocyte CR1 adherence function were measured in 60 esophageal patients and 75 precancerous lesions by using trace fast plate complement activity assay and complement activating yeast rosette test,respectively.RESULTS:The average activities of complement were 39.8(13.7～115.3),29.5(11.1～78.5) and 41.5(12.2～138.1) 0respectively in esophageal cancer group and in the groups of atypical hyperplasia I and II phase. The activities of these groups were much higher than that of the health control group. 16.2(7.7～34.1)(P<0.01).Erythrocyte CR1 adherence activity of esophageal carcinoma group was (18.9±5.8)％ and other two precancerous lesions groups were (23.6±3.8)％ and (21.3±4.5)％. These activities were much lower than that of the health control group.(27.2±6.9)％(P<0.001). CONCLUSION: There are different variances in the complement activity and erythrocyte immune adherencefunction have changed significantly in the patients with esophageal carcinoma and precancerous lesions and relative to the lesion phase.It may be to help to diagnose or monitor lesion in early stage.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM : To investigate the expression of p－Egr－TNFα, cell cycle and apoptosis in HeLa cells, which were transfected by recombined plasmid p－Egr－TNFα, induced by 60Co γ－rays irradiation in different doses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The expression of TNFα was detected by ELISA. The cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by Flow Cytometry. RESULTS: After γ－rays irradiation in different doses, the expression of TNFα was(250～400)pg/ml,significantly higher than that of the control group. The percentages of S and G2 M phase were markedly higher than that of the control group,and showed a dose－dependent increase, the rate of G0/G1 showed a dose－dependent decrease. Cell apoptosis rate showed a dose－dependent increase. CONCLUSION: γ－rays can regulate expression of p－Egr－TNFα by Lipofectamin－mediated TNFα gene in HeLa cells. The expression level shows a significantly increase in transfected HeLa cells. The change of cell cycle and apoptosis shows a dose－dependent effect.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To investigate the difference of gene expression in fetal lung and normal tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cDNA retro－transcribed from the mRNA which was purified from the total RNA extracted from fetal lung tissue and normal lung tissue were labeled with Cy5 and Cy3 fluorescence as the probes. Then we hybrided the probes hybrided were with the whole gene chip which was later scanned by ScanArray4000 fluorescence scanner to acquire the signal image and analyzed with software. RESULTS: 317 genes expressed in fetal lung and normal tissue were screened, among these genes,up-and-down-regulated genes were 193 and 124 respectively. CONCLUSION : There is difference in gene between fetal two Lung and normal tissues. Human Lung development is affected by environmental conditions.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To study the effects of mercury chloride and cadmium chloride on DNA damage of mice bone marrow cell and testicle germ cell in vitro.To compare sensitivity of DNA damage on bone marrow cell with that on testicle germ cell in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Isolated mice bone marrow,cells and testicle germ cell were exposed to mercuric chloride(respective concentration:0, 0.01,0.1,1 mmol/L)or cadmium chloride(respective concentration:0,0.04,0.2,1,5 mmol/L) for one hour.The proportion of DNA damage and length of DNA migrations were determined with single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE).RESULTS:The DNA damage rate and length of DNA migrations of isolated mice bone marrow cells and testicle germ cell treated with mercury chloride and cadmium chloride was higher than that of normal group(P<0.001，P<0.05).Results showed the obvious dose－response relationship between the DNA damage(DNA damage rate and length of DNA migrations) and doses of mercuric chloride and cadmium chloride.The DNA damage rate and length of DNA migrations of testicle germ cell treated with mercury chloride(0.01 mmol/L) and cadmium chloride(0.04、0.2、1 mmol/L)was higher than thatof bone marrow cells with mercury chloride(0.01 mmol/L) and cadmium chloride(0.04、0.2、1 mmol/L)(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The research indicated that at certain dose mercury chloride and cadmium chloride could induce DNA damage on isolated mice bone marrow cells and testicle germ cell.The DNA damage on testicle germ cell wasmore impressible.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To discuss the pathologic feature and clinical manifestation of primary lymphoma of kidney and heart ，so that bring to doctor's attention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples of biopsy and operation were performed by routine histopathologic section, immunohistochemical staining and electron microscope check. RESULTS: Samples section were in accordance with pathologic feature of lymphoma，there are no evidence of lymphoma or leukemia in other organs of body. CONCLUSION: Primary lymphoma of kidney and heart do exist，involvement by lymphoma or leukemia elsewhere should be excluded first before making the diagnosis.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM:To investigate the clinical characteristic, diagnosis and therapeutic methods of Spinal neurenteric cysts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical data of 23 patients in our department were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS:Of the 23 patients, 8 were female and 15 were male. Their ages at presentation ranged widely from 5 weeks to 52 years . Majority of children presented with occult spinal dysraphism , but the adults presented primarily with pain . The lesion most commonly occurred as intradural，extramedullary masses in the thoracolumbar region,situated ventral to the spinal cord.Total surgical removal was performed in 17 cases, subtotal removal in 5 cases . partial resection in 1 case , The median follow－up period was 7.5 years . The therapeutic efficacy of microsurgery treatment was well. CONCLUSION: Spinal neurenteric cysts are congenital benign disease. The outcome of early microsurgery treatment is good.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM:In this experiment we used the rate of micronucleus in mouse bone marrow eryhrocyte as norm ,to test the pueraria edulia pamp's effect for reducing the damage caused by tobacco tar. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dividing the mice in to different groups dealing with different reagents.Use the normal method to make the specimens and observe,Analyzing the rats of micronucleus cells in different groups of mouse by statistics. RESULTS: The rate of micronucleus cells in mouse of the group that was fed with pueraria edulia pamp was less than that of the control group. CONCLUSION:There are positive effect of the pueraria edulia pamp in reducing the damage caused by tobacco.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To study the effect of Meddroxyprogesterone Acetate on the micronucleus rate in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes and spermatogenic cells of male rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 50 rats were classified into 4 groups. Each group received injection of saline (group C) or MPA(37.5, 75 and 150 mg/kg)(group P1, group P2 and group P3, respectively) for every month during 3 months. Data from sperm counting, sperm modality, and the micronucleus rate in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes and spermatogenic cells were collected and analysed. RESULTS: Spermatogenesis of rats undergoing administration of MPA had been suppressed. Testis of rats in group P1, P2 and P3 atrophied and sperm counting decreased remarkably compared with group C. There was no statistics difference of the micronucleus rate in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes between each group. The micronucleus rate in spermatogenic cells in group P2 and P3 raised, but resumed to normal after MPA deprived 9 months. CONCLUSION: MPA has no significant effect on increasing the incidence of the micronucleus rate in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes, while it can reversibly raise the micronucleus rate in spermatogenic cells.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM:To investigate the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of Marine in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: LD50 test , micronucleus test in peripheral blood PCE and sperm abnormality test were used.The mice were randomly divided into five groups:the negative control(I),the positive control(II),1/2 LD50(III),1/4 LD50(IV),1/8 LD50 (V). III,IV,V groups were administrated with different dosages of Marine intraperitoneally. RESULTS： The LD50 of the Marine was (505±31)mg/kg. Compared to the negative control, the results showed that 1/2 LD50,1/4 LD50,1/8LD50 groups of 24 hours micronucleated PCE could significantly increase the micronucleus frequencies in the peripheral blood. The same condition could be observed in 1/2 LD50,1/4 LD50,1/8 LD50 groups of 48 hours micronucleated PCE.1/2 LD50 group differed from the negative control in the sperm abnormality test, whereas no significant difference has been observed between 1/4 LD50,1/8 LD50 groups and negative control. CONCLUSION： It suggests that the Marine is a low toxicity drug and has genotoxicity to a certain extent.