BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: For the non-radioactive, sensitive and rapid detection of the dioxin-like chemicals in the environmental samples, exonuclease protection mediated PCR assay was established. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) dissolved in DMSO, a typical and the most toxic ligand to transform AhR, was added into SD rat hepalic cytosol in vitro, which contained Ah receptors and relative proteins, and ligand-AhR-DRE complex are formed in addition of DNAs containing the sequence of DRE.With the digestion of Exonuclease Ⅲ and S1 nuclease, free DNAs were digested to mononucleotide and bound DNA remained due to protein(AhR) protction and could be amplified by PCR.The effects of PCRs were shown by loading on 2 ％ agarose electrophoresis.DMSO was used as negative control was set up. RESULTS： Target DNA could be observed in the TCDD groups, but not in the control group. CONCLUSIONS： Exonuclease protection mediated PCR assay is a good non-radioactive tool to quantify the interaction of protein and DNA with high sensitivity and simple.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM： To study apoptosis of cells in lung of BALB/C mice induced by phosgene. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 12 mice were divided into a negative group and a positive group with 6 mice in each. Mice were exposed in air and phosgene for 5 minutes respectively in negative group and in positive one. Dose of phosgene is 11.9 mg/L. After 4 hours, all mice were anesthetized to isolate and culture alveolar type Ⅱcells,and to observe apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱcells, alveolar type Ⅰcells, eosinophil, macrophage, lymphocyte and ciliated cells under electron microscope. RESULTS: Alveolus type Ⅱ cells were identified by tannic acid stainning and electron microscope. After exposed to 11.9 mg/L phosgene for 5 minute, the apoptotic body in alveolus type Ⅱcell and selenodont in alveolar type I cells and apoptotic signs in eosinophil,macrophage,lymphocyte and ciliated cells were found under electron microscope in positive group. CONCLUSION: It is successful to establish method of isolation and culture of alveolar type Ⅱcells,phosgene can induce apoptosis of cells in lung of mice.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: The anti-tumor active components were isolated from Acanthopanax gracilistylus to identify it's molecular weight and supply the scientific evidence for developing new anti-tumor drugs.MATRAIAL AND METHODS: The effects of the active component on the proliferation of tumor cells was investigated by 3H-TdR incorporation methods.The active component was isolated 2D by chromatography.Its elements and molecular weight were measured By SDS-PAGE and 2D electrophoresis.Its chemical nature was analyzed by treatment with pronase E and NaIO4. RESULTS: By gel-filtration and SDS-PAGE,an 64 kDa protein was isolated(G100F),which inhibited the proliferation of MT-2 tumor cells. The anti-tumor active component being not a polysaccharide but a protein was measured by treatment with pronaseE and NaIO4.This result was further confirmed by 2D electrophoresis. CONCLUSION: The anti-tumor active component of Acanthopanax gracilistylus is a 64 kDa protein.The purification of this component will supply scientific evidence for the development of new anti-tumor drugs and the study of the active component.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To study the effect of grape procyanidin (GPC) on Bcl-2 and Bax expression of the bone marrow cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The mice given different dose of GPC were exposed to 60Co r-rays whole body subacutely.The Bcl-2 and Bax expression of mice bone marrow cells was measured by immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS: The expression rates of Bcl-2 and Bax of the irradiating control group were 10.02 ％and 20.88 ％ respectively,and those of the high dose GPC group were 18.28 ％ and 16.14 ％.The differences between the two groups were significant(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: GPC can inhibit the abnormal expression of Bcl-2 and Bax induced by 60Co γ-rays radiation.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To evaluate the therapeutical effect of autologous Newcastle-Disease-Virus (NDV) modified tumor cell vaccine in the treatment of malignant gliomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight patients with malignant gliomas were treated with autologous NDV-Modified tumor cell vaccine from May to November of 2001. The tumor was total or sub-total resected under neuromicroscope and the tumor tissues were preserved for vaccine preparation and drug sensitive test. All the patients received postoperative radiotherapy followed by one cycle of chemotherapy. Four weeks after chemotherapy, the patients were immunized with tumor vaccines once a week for four weeks. RESULTS: All the patients were followed up from 10 to 25 months by June of 2003. Four patients survived without the evidence of recurrence with the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) from 90 to 100, and the survival time was 25,24,20 and 23 months, respectively (mean 23 months). Four cases recurred, and three of them died in the 10th, 14th, 15th month after the treatment, respectively. One patient with frontal glioma of Grade III recurred within 13 months after resection. The patient was treated with gamma-knife radiosurgery and chemotherapy and still alive up to 19 months follow-up end.The mean survival time in this therapy was more than one in documents, which was less 1 year for the patients with malignant glionas. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous modified tumor cell vaccines for treatment of malignant gliomas may be a promising alternative to enhance patients' immunity and prevent the recurrence of gliomas, however, its efficiency need to be immproved.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To study the estrogenic effects of common used organophosphrus pesticides, by the observation of the height of endometrium epidemic cells and the height of endometrium stroma cells of immature mice uterus treated with rganophosphrus pesticides. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six kinds of organophosphrus pesticides dimethoate 19 mg/kg, acephate 47 mg/kg, paraoxon 0.056 mg/kg, malation 87 mg/kg, parathion 0.4 mg/kg and moncrotophos 3.54 mg/kg were given intraperitoneal for 3 days consecutively to mice respectively. All mice were sacrificed after three days, then the uterus wet weight, the ratio of uterus to body weight , the height of endometrium epidemic cells and the height of endometrium stroma cells were measured. RESULTS: All these six organophosphrus pesticides couldn't proliferate the immature mice' uterus wet weight and the ratio of uterus to body weight, but dimethoate and malation could induce increment of the height of endometrium epidemic cells and the height of endometrium stroma cells,compared with the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dimethoate and malation maybe have the potential estrogenicity.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM： To learn the expression and activation of Stat1 protein in the peripheral blood white cells of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) by combing to the nuclear matrix. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Stat1 activation were detected by western blot with anti-Stat1 antibody. RESULT:The results showed that Stat1 was activated in the 22/41(53.7 ％) with AML and 0 ％ in the 15 normal controls, and activated Stat1 existed in the nuclear matrix components. CONCLUSION: The conclusion denotes that over expression and activation of Stat1 maybe play an important role in the process of AML by attaching to nuclear matrix .

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM： To clone the cDNA of both wide and mutant type of the human tumor suppressor gene PTEN and construct its expression vector respectively; investigate the effects of PTEN on cell growth in human brain glioma U251 cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Two DNA fragments were amplified from human placenta tissues and cancer of colon tissues by using RT-PCR and were cloned into pMD 18-T vector. After sequencing, the fragments were linked with expression vector pcDNA3.1(＋) vector. The two vector were transfected into U251. RESULTS: Human wild type and mutant type PTEN cDNA had been cloned and its expression vector had been constructed successfully. The progress of cell cycle was obviously arrested in the U251 transfected with wild PTEN gene, but was not the thing with nutant PTEN gene. CONCLUSION:PTEN may suppress tumor cells growth,the result makes the base for further study on the tumor suppression fumction of PTEN.

BACKGROUND AND AIM:To study the subchronic toxic effects of mercuric chloride and lead acetate on testis and sperm on male mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Male mice of 4 weeks were administered to mercuric chloride (0.25,0.5,1.0 mg/kg) and lead acetate(1.5,6.0,24.0 mg/kg) by intraperitoned injection 2 days/week for 30 days. After 23 days,the males were normally feeded.Testis index of male mice,sperm count,sperm motility,incidence of teratospermia were observed. RESULTS: The testis index of high level lead acetate group was lower than that of control group(P<0.005); the sperm count of middle and high level mercuric chloride group and each lead acetate group was lower than that of control group(P<0.05,P<0.005); the sperm motility of middle and high level lead acetate group was lower than that of control group(P<0.05)；the incidence of teratospermia of each mercuric chloride group and each lead acetate group was higter than that of control group (P<0.05， P<0.005).Micronucleus rate of spermatogenic cell of high level lead acetate group was higher that of control group(P<0.05).Micronucleus rate of spermatogenic cell of each mercuric chloride group and middle and high level lead acetate group have not significantly with that of control group(P>0.05).Meiosis rate of each group different have not significantly with that of control group(P>0.05). CONCLUSION:The study suggests that mercuric chloride and lead acetate has subchronic toxic effects on the reproductive function, testis and sperm of mice.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM:Studies on antiradiation effect of N-acetylcysteine in X-irradiated mouse. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this dissertation,the antiradiation effect of pretreated NAC to mouse before X-irradiation were studied heamopoietic and immunological functions.RESULTS: NAC not only improve differentiation and proliferation of CFU-S,CFU-GM in bone marrow of mouse but also increase significantly the Con A-induced proliferation reaction of splenocytes and the spontaneous proliferation and the production of IL-2 of splenocytes induced by Con A in mouse exposed to different doses X-rays.CONCLUSION:NAC can increase significantly tolerance ability of antiradiation in mouse exposed to different doses x-rays.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM： To study the effect of holmium ions on DNA breakage of mice liver cells and the effect of holmium element on apoptosis of zoic cells in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Group 1: Mice were administered orally with daily dose of 50 mg/kg of holmium chloride solution for 5 days；Group 2～3: Mice were treated intraperitoneally with daily dose of 60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg of holmium chloride solution twice respec tively. Group 4: Mice were treated intraperitoneally with a single dose of 320 mg/kg of holmium chloride solution. In group 1～3, the interval of poisoning was 24 h, and DNA was extracted from mice livers 24 h after the last poisoning in groups above. Group 5: Mice were administered intraperitoneally with the same volume of saline as below. Group 6～9: Mice were treated intraperitoneally with a single dose of 80 mg/kg of holmium chloride solution and DNA was extracted at 12, 24, 48 and 96 h respectively. Agarose gel electrophoresis was performed to observe the tapes'change. RESULTS: In group 7, a continual diffusive tailed tape was showed, but no obvious DNA-tailed tape observed in all the other groups. Meanwhile, no DNA ladder was found, too. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that the extension of DNA breakage caused by holmium ions to mice liver cells was associated with dose, treating duration and DNA-repair, which had no specificity. The results suggest that holmium element couldn't induce apoptosis of mice liver cells in vivo in the experiments.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: The anticancer research in Phenol compound has been attached great importance in recent years. This kind of compound has a selective killing function on the cancer cells. Its anticancer activation is related to the degree that phenol oxidizes with kuinone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This essay combines the method of Hückel molecule orbit expanded in the quantum chemistry with the method of distinguishing computer mode, studies of the quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) of phenol and its derivatives and explores the parameter of the quantum chemistry characteristic of this kind of chemical compound, and gets the equation of Hansch by adopting the returning method. RESULTS: It analyzes the live part and the medicione size of effect. CONCLUSION: It shows the obvious difference of biololgical activation of strong power supply electric group led into by the neighbouring, opposite place and the separate place.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM：To detect mutation and teratogenicity of Danshen tea which is a natural food. MATERIAL AND METHODS： The water extract of Danshen tea was examined by the mice bone marrow cell micronucleus test,the mice sperm abormality test,Ames test and the teratogenicity study. RESULTS：The micronucleusfreguency and the freguency of sperm aberrtion were not significantly different compared with the control.The mutated colonie in 3 exposure groups was less than double of that of the controls.There are not Maternity, toxicity.embry toxicity and teratogenicity, CONCLUSION： The mutation and of Danshen tea are not detected on these condions.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To study the acute toxicity and genetic toxicity of DMDBS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Acute toxicity test of mice,Ames test,micronucleus test of bone marrow PCE cell in mice, sperm shape abnormality test of mice. RESULTS:DMDBS was a substance with no toxicity according to the acute toxicity. The results of genetic toxicity tests were all negative,including Ames test, micronucleus test and sperm shape abnormality test. CONCLUSION: DMDBS was a substance with no toxicity and had no genetic toxicity in this test.

ABACKGROOND ALM:Research on the chromosome aberrance of the gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND MOTHDS: Regard 26 gastric cancered patients as a research group,diagnosed with no radioactive and chemical theatments.Regard 26 volanteers as contrast group.Use 3 culture medium which cultivate through each of circumjacent hema-sampling from both group for the research on microkernel rate,sibling chromatid exchanged rate and chromosome aberrance rate of the configuration and number.RESULT: The rates on the research group significantly higher than that on the contrast group.Via statistical analysis and process, χ2 test P<0.01 which suggest that there are notable discrepancy on both groups. CONCLUSION: Chromosome aberrance probably are the cytological elements causing gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM： To study the effect of anti-mutation by testing bone marrow cells micronucleus and chromosome aberration with Acupunctur and Moxibustion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 96 mice were divided 6 groups:1,normal control group;2,positive control group;3,prevention groupⅠ;4, prevention groupⅡ;5,treatment groupⅠ;6,treatment groupⅡ.In the 2～6 groups,all the mice were treated with ip. CP.50 mg/kg body weight,and in the 3～6 groups,the mice were acupuncted the acupuncture points of Zusanli,moxaed the acupuncture points of Guanyuan.At the end of experiment,all the mice were decapitated,tested bone marrow cells micronucleus and chromosome aberration. RESULTS: Compared with 1group,in 2 group,the bone marrow cells micronucleus and chromosome aberration were significantly highter. Compared with 2 group,in 3～6 groups,these indexes were significantly lower(P<0.01). Conclusion:Acupuncting the acupuncture points of Zusanli and moxaing the acupuncture points of Guanyuan can prevent or treat the bone marrow cells micronucleus and chromosome aberration of mouse,which increased by CP.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To study the anti-mutation effect of Haizhenyuye (HY) in order to provide some helpful informations to clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The micronucleus test of mouse bone marrow cell and the sperm abnormality test in rats were used in this study.RESULTS: The frequencies of micronucleus and abnormal sperms caused by cyclophosphamide(CP)were reduced significantly by HY,and the more HY dose the more reduction of the frequencies(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that HY can significantly decrease the mutation of somatic and germ cells caused by CP.

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM: To evaluate the value of transposed ovaries in cervical cancer patients after surgery and pelvic irradiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 75 patients with stage Ia2～IIb cervical cancer, 24～45 years of age, Wertheim-Meigs radical hysterectomy was performed with preservation of one or both ovaries transposed outside the pelvis. For evaluation of the post-treatment hormonal function of gonads, serum FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone levels were assayed after irradiation. RESULTS: The method of transposed ovaries is safety and effective. No patients with retained ovaries developed metastatic disease. The patients who postoperative radiotherapy be indicated occur a substantial loss of ovarian function, but the levels of estradiol and progesterone significantly higher than in the radical therapy group. CONCLUSION: It is our opinion that normal ovaries can be preserved in the women under the age of 45 years at the time of radical hysterectomy for stage Ib～IIb cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND ＆ ATM: To provide a scientific method of evaluating the tumor patients' prognosis and the assistant diagnosis by analyzing patients' immunocompetence by quantitating the Ag-NORs in periopheral blood T lymphocyte. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Quantitive analysis of the Ag-NORs in periopheral blood T lymphocyte was performed at the gene transcription level with the KL-immunological analysis system, using the ratio between the surface areas of silver-dyed and the nucleus(I.S ％)as the index to reflects the rDNA transcription activity.RESULTS:Significant difference was found between the values of the I.S％ in malignant tumor patients and in health persons. The values of the I.S％ in tumor patients were much lower than that of the health persons.No statistical difference was found between the values of the I.S％ in all kinds of malignant tumor patients that we studied. CONCLUSION:Testing Ag-NORs in periopheral blood T lymphocyte has the important significance to distinguish the malignant tumor patients from the health persons,but it can't distinguish between all kinds of malignant tumors.