Purpose and Methods : Female Wistar rat s were fed with iodie2deficient diet for 4 months inducing iodine-deficient diseases , then put 3 female with one male to mate each other for 5 days , and to observe the effects on female fertility and carcinogenesis. Results : In group of iodine deficiency , the average intake of iodine per animal was 0. 926μg/ day , it meaning ext remely deficient . Their weight of thyroids was obviously increase , and showed simple goiter and nodular goiter. The number of living fetus significantly decrease to 6. 7 ±2. 6/ pregnant rat , comparing with cont rol 10. 4 ±2. 1/ pregnant rat , P < 0. 01. The number of ovulation was also decrease to 11. 6 ±1. 9 , comparing with cont rol 14. 8 ±2. 1 , P < 0. 01. The f requency of thyroid carcinoma was 33. 3 % (7/ 21) , comparing with cont rol 0. 0 %(0/ 12) , P < 0. 01. All thyroid carcinomas were histologically derived f rom the base of follicular hyperplasia. Conclusion : The result s mentioned above shows that the iodine deficiency must be decreasing the fertility , and having the st rong carcinogenesis to the thyroids of female rat s. Iodine-deficient goiter is the precancerous lesion of the thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose and Methods : Population polymorphism at the locus of A1578G of human glutathione S -t ransferase P1 gene in an“Indigenous”Shanghainese group were investigated by PCR - RFL P approach. Results : The data showed that the population f requencies of genotypes Ile105/ Ile105 (AA) , Val105/ Val105 ( GG) and Ile105/ Val105 (AG) were 63. 9 % ,1. 2 % , 34. 9 % , respectively. Allele f requencies of Ile105 and Val105 were detected as 0. 813 and 0. 187 , respectively. The situation differs significantly f rom that of several Caucasian populations and Af rican Americans reported. Conclusion : Among different sub - population ( resident groups dist ributing in different areas) of Chinese population , GSTP1 A1578G locus proved to be of highly homogenous on the aspect s of allele f requency.

Purpose : The mitotic effects of d-tubocurarine in V79 cells and mouse bone marrow cells was investigated in this study. d2t ubocurarine is a antagonist to cholinergic receptors and inhibitor of nicotinic receptor. Methods : V79 Chinese hamster cells were t reated in vit ro by d2tubocurarine. The alteration of late telophaseearly G1 configuration induced by this chemical was determined by analyzing of presence or lack of a cleavage furrow in late telophase and very early G1 cells , the abnormal cytokinesis was investigated for the f requencies of binuclear cells in interphase cells. Simultaneously , we investigated the C2M effect s of d2t ubocurarine in mouse bone marrow cells. Results : The tested chemical disturbed mitotic coordination and significantly induced high frequency of binuclear cells in V79 cell line ( P < 0. 001) . There is no other distinguished abnormality in mouse bone marrow cells but significant enhance of C2M cells at low dose group. Conclusion : The result s indicated that d-tubocurarine is able to inhibit mammal mitosis by blocking the function of nicotinic receptor. The malfunction of cholinergic and nicotinic receptors may be a mechanism of aneuploid induction.

Purpose and Methods : The 8 - hydroxyguanine is one of oxidized productions in DNA . In this report , the HL - 60 cells were t reated with varying concent ration H2O2 and different time. Content of 8 - hydrox-yguanines in DNA was detected by GC/ FID , CGC/ MS - SIM ,yields of MDA and ratio of GSH/ GSSG were measured in HL - 60 cells. Results : The results showed that yields of MDA was increased ( P < 0. 01) , ratio of GSH/ GSSG was decreased ( P < 0. 01) in HL - 60 cells damaged by H2O2 . Detection of GC/ FID and GC/ MS -SIM indicated the 8 - hydroxyguanines be produced in HL - 60 cellular DNA. Conclusion : The experiments suggested yields of MDA , ratio of GSH/ GSSG and content of 8 - hydroxyguanines depend on the concent ration of H2O2 and t reatment time.

Purpose : To investigate the effect s of Acrylamide (AA) on the HPRT gene of human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Methods : HL - 60 cells wre infected with AA with different concent rations and put into single -cell wells at different time phases. Then the numbers of positive wells were counted and the cell plating efficiency , cloning efficiency and mutation f requency were determined. Results : the cell mutation f requency was positively correlated to the cocent ration. When the dose of AA rose up to the top (700μg/ ml) , there was clear mutagenesis on HPRT locus. Meanwhile the cloning efficiency increased slowly to follow increasing of doses ,and this pheomenon might be related with the st ronger toxicity of AA. Conclusion : The mutagenesis of AA was nferior.

Purpose and Methods : In this study , the micronucleus test and comet assay of V ice f aber were used to screen pollution situation of the surface water of Yangzhong city. Results : The result s showed that the water of Yangzi river and Hongxin river was heavily polluted (Pollution Index > 3) and pollution of other water body was slight . Using the comet assay to detect the DNA damage induced by the organic ext ract s f rom four water samples , the result s indicated that both the comet assay and the micronucleus test were able to detect the geno2 toxic potential of different water body and the comet assay seemed to be more sensitive than micronucleus test . Conclusion : Combination of the comet assay and the micronucleus test might therefore be recommended for monitoring the genotoxicant pollution of water body.

Purpose and Methods : Antimutagenicity of ethanol ext ract of scorpion and some Chinese medicinal herbs (SEE) was investigated using a S almonella typhimurium/ mammalian microsome assay in the paper. Results :At 25 - 100μl/ plate , SEE had no effect on TA98 revertant s induced by the utimate mutagen , Dexon and neither on TA100 revertant s by the ultimate mutagen , sodium azide (NaN3 ) . But the revertant s of TA98 induced by promutagen , 2 - aminofluorence (2 - AF) was significantly inhibited by SEE at same dosage. The relative revertant s of TA98 were 1985 ±483 、1232 ±176 and 792 ±170 respectively at 25μl/ plate , 50μl/ plate and 100μl/ plate of SEE with 15μg/ plate of 2 - AF. In comparasion with positive cont rol (3182 ±784) , the relative revertant s at 25μl/ plate 、50μl/ plate and 100μl/ plate had significant and very significant statistical difference ( P< 0. 05 and P < 0. 01) and the inhibitory percentages of the relative revertant s were 38. 06 % , 61. 90 % and 75.11 % respectively. It was obvious that the increase of inhibitory percentages deponded upon the dose of SEE.Conclusion : These result s indicated that SEE was a possible inhibitor of 2 - AF. Antimutagenicity of SEE toward 2 - AF could be att ributed primarily to the effect of SEE on S9 mixture.

Purpose and Methods : Induction of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies in the peripheral blood erythrocytes and the kidney leucocytes of Monopterus albus by the herbicide J ing Ke Cao Xing was studied. Results :The result s showed that the herbicide can increase the f requencies of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies in the two kinds of cells. At certain concent ration and time , the f requencies of damage items were significantly different in comparison with cont rol groups. But , at other concent ration and time , the differences were insignificant . Conclusion : All the result s suggested that the herbicide can cause significant genetic damages to the erythrocytes and the leucocytes of Monopterus albus at certain concent ration and time.

Purpose and Methods : The aim of the study was observing the effect of endonuclease Ⅲsupplementation on the damage of DNA st rand breaks , which were measured by comet assay (SCGE) . Results : DNA stran break damage of lymphocytes and Hela cells induced by 100μmol H2O2 in cont rols reached 198. 5 and 320 arbitary units respectively. The rate of DNA st rand breaks of lymphocytes was gradually decreased f rom the beginning to 4 hour culture in cont rol group. At the end of 4 hour culture , there was a much lower rate of DNA repair in Endonuclease Ⅲgroup with 33. 4 % than cont rol group with 67. 6 % ( P < 0. 05) . The same result was found in HeLa cells. The levels of DNA st rand breaks was quickly decreased f rom 320 to 19 arbitary units in control group within 4 hour culture , whereas the DNA st rand breaks in supplementing group with Endonuclease Ⅲwas kept at a high level with 172. 0 arbitary unit s at 4 hour culture ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion : The study suggested that the supplementation of endonuclease Ⅲcould increase the levels of DNA st rand breaks.

Purpose and methods : The mutagenicity of 3 - tert - butyl - 4 - hydroxyanisole (BHA) was examined by Ames test , CHL cell chromosome aberration test in vit ro and micronucleus test . Results : The results showed that BHA with doses 25 - 300μg/ plate didn’t increase the number of reversion mutation in any of the 4 st rains with or without S9 mix in Ames test . The f requencies of micronucleus in PCE were not increased at dose level of 171 - 683 mg/ kg. bw in micronucleus test . In CHL cell chromosome aberration test , the result was suspicious positive because the f requency of chromosome aberration was increased to 7. 5 % at the dose level of 40μg/ ml with S9 mix. Therefore , 3 - tert - butyl - 4 - hydroxyanisole may be mutagenic. Conclusion : We should pay attention to it s application as an anti - oxidant in food and oil product s.

Purpose and Methods : The f requencies of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes as well as the PCE/ NCE ratios in maternal bone marrow and in fetal liver induced by Cyclophsphamide (CP) and Ifosfamide ( IFO) were studied in pregnancy mice. Results : The result s suggested that the micronucleus f requencies in maternal bone marrow and in fetal liver did not change significantly compared to the cont rol group at the dose of 5mg/ kg. bw CP and IFO respectively. So were the PCE/ NCE ratios in both tissues. When the doses were raised to 15mg/ kg. bw , the micronucleus frequencies were 15. 40 ±3. 05 ‰and 12. 20 ±3. 56 ‰in maternal bone marrow , 23. 60 ±3. 65 ‰and 21. 00 ±5. 15 ‰in fetal liver for CP and IFO respectively , both were significantly different f rom cont rol group at P < 0. 05. When the doses were 30mg/ kg. bw , the micronucleus f requencies in both tissues increased more significantly , showing obvious dose - response relations. At the doses that inducing the increase of micronucleus f requencies of both drugs , the PCE/ NCE ratios declined dose - dependently in the two tissues. Both drugs showed greater genotoxicity respectively in fetal liver than in maternal bone marrow at the same dose. However , CP was more effective than IFO in the same tissue at the same dose. Conclusion : We concluded that CP and IFO could not only go into bone marrow but also go through placental barrier to induce chromosome damage. Thus protection for the workers producing or operating CP and IFO against the genotoxicity of the two drugs was necessary ; the clinical toxicity and side effect of both drugs to patient s should be inspected periodically.

Purpose : To study the effect of sodium selenite on the toxicity of salad oil vapor condensate in mice.Methods : The antagonistic effect s of sodium selenite on the rate of micronucleus and of sperm deformity in mice were abserved with the microunucles test and the sperm deformity analysis. The experimental data were calculated by statistical in U test . Results : The rate of micronucleus and of sperm deformity of mice t reated with salad oil vapor condensate at 5ml/ kg and 10ml/ kg groups was abviously higher than that of 2. 5ml/ kg and conevol groups ( P < 0. 01) . After the mice were suplied sodinm selenite at 1. 0mg/ kg , the rate of micronucleus and of sperm deformity was significantly lower than that of salad oil vapor condensate group ( P < 0. 01) . Conclusion :The antagonistic effect s of sodium selenite on the toxicity of salad oil vapor condensate was significant in mice.

Purpose : This paper studies the relationships between Heated Cooking Oil Vapors (HCOV) and Allium Sativum Oil (ASO) in mutagenesis. Methods : we detected p53 and p21ras protein expression in the V79 cells treated by HCOV and ASO with immunocytochemical techneques. Results : The result s showed that the p53 and p21ras protein expression was significantly increased in HCOV groups compared with the cont rol group ( P < 0.01) , and a dose2dependent relationship was observed , while the ASO(50μg/ ml) could decreased the p53 and p21ras protein expression in the V79 cells t reated by HCOV compared with the cont rol group ( P < 0. 05 or P < 0.01) . Conclusion : The result s indicated that the ASO could prevent f rom mutagenic activity of the HCOV.

Purpose and Methods : Most of the information about possible genotoxic effect s of anthraquinone derivatives is derived f rom prokaryotic systems that must differ f rom mammalian systems and human. In this study 1. 5 - diaminoanthraquinone (1. 5 - DAAQ) , 1. 5 - dichloroanthraquinone (1. 5 - DCAQ) and 1. 8 - diahloroanthraquinone (1. 8 - DCAQ) were selected for testing used micronucleus(MN) analysis in BALBC/ c mice peripheral blood lymphocytes. Results : Result s show that they were significant difference f rom second to fifth injection times as compared with the cont rol micronucleus f requency ( P < 0. 01) when those compounds accumulated to a weight of 100mg/ kg. bw following ip in BALBC/ c mice. Conclusion : We suggest there is requirement to research and minitor their mutagenesis.

Purpose : The amplification of HER - 2/ neu may have prognostic value in breast cancer. Methods : In this study , we chose the reference gene on the same chromosome as the target gene , and used the differential polymerase chain reaction (d - PCR) to assess the presence of c - erbB - 2 gene amplification in frozen sections of breast cancer. Results : The result s showed that there were 19 of 71 cases of breast cancer were detected amplification of c - erbB - 2 gene , the detectable rate was 26. 7 % , which was higher than our previous reports. Conclusion : the author regards that the chose of primer and the specimens cont ribute to the improvement of the detectable rate.

Purpose and Methods : This paper studied the genotoxic effect s of V2O5 in male mouse germ cells using st ructural chromosome aberrations and microncleus method. Male mice were int raperitoneally injected once every day with doses of 0. 71mg/ kg、2. 13mg/ kg、6. 40mg/ kg of V2O5 for 5 days. Results : In metaphase2I spermatocytes , the f requencies of st ructfural chromosome aberration were significantly increased , which was 1. 4 % ,2. 6 % , 4. 2 % , respectively V2O5 significantly increased the f requencies of micronucleated early spermatids ,which was 2. 8 ‰, 4. 00 ‰, 7. 8 ‰, respectively. Conclusion : The result s indicated that V2O5 is mutagenic activity in male mouse germ cells.